Here is a quote of the next piece of chapter 26 which we will start explaining afterwards
והנה עצה היעוצה לטהר לבו מכל עצב ונדנוד דאגה ממילי דעלמא, ואפילו בני חיי ומזונ י
Sound advice has been offered by our Sages on cleansing one’s heart of all sadness and any trace of worry about mundane matters, even a sadness or worry caused by the lack of such essentials as children, health, or livelihood.
מודעת זאת לכל מאמר רז״ל: כשם שמברך על הטובה כו‘
The advice is contained in the well-known saying of our Sages: 10 “Just as one recites a blessing for his good fortune (’Blessed are You, G d,Who is good and does good‘), so must he also recite a blessing for misfortune.”
ופירשו בגמרא: לקבולי בשמחה כמו שמחת הטובה הנגלית והנראית
The Gemara explains11 that this does not mean that he recite the same blessing (for the blessing in a case of misfortune, G d forbid, is “Blessed are You, G d, the true Judge”); rather, the implication is that one should accept misfortune with joy, like the joy in a visible and obvious good.
כי גם זו לטובה, רק שאינה נגלית ונראית לעיני בשר, כי הוא מעלמא דאתכסיא, שלמעלה
מעלמא דאתגליא
For it, too, is for the good, except that it is not apparent and visible to mortal eyes, for it stems from the “hidden (spiritual) world,” which is higher than the “revealed (spiritual) world,” whence derives an apparent and revealed good.
שהוא ו״ה משם הוי״ה ברוך הוא, ועלמא דאתכסיא הוא י״ה
The latter emanates from the letters vav and hei of the Tetragrammaton (the Four-Letter Divine Name, composed of the letters yud hei vav hei), while the former derives from the letters yud hei.12
וזה שכתוב: אשרי הגבר אשר תיסרנו י״ה וגו’
This is also the meaning of the verse, 13 “Happy is the man whom You, G d (spelled yud hei), chasten.” Since the verse speaks of man’s suffering, only the letters yud and hei are mentioned.
Man sees misfortune only because he cannot perceive that which derives from a higher, hidden level of G dliness. In truth, however, the “misfortunes” are actually blessings in disguise. On the contrary, they represent an even higher level of good than the revealed good, since they originate in a higher world.
ולכן אמרו רז״ל כי השמחים ביסורים, עליהם הכתוב אומר: ואוהביו כצאת השמש בגבורתו
For this reason, our Sages of blessed memory stated14 that the verse, 15 “Those who love Him shall be as the sun when it comes out it its might,” refers to the reward of those who rejoice in their afflictions.
G d always rewards man “measure for measure.” What is the connection, then, between rejoicing in affliction and “the sun”? Also, why are those who rejoice in affliction described as “those who love G d”? The Alter Rebbe now explains that since misfortune is really nothing but a disguise for the higher form of good that derives from the “hidden world,” the option as to whether it will bring man either joy or misery depends on his priorities. If he deems his physical life all-important, he will indeed be miserable, while if nearness to G d is his primary concern he will rejoice, since nearness to G d is found in greater measure in the “hidden world,” whence derives the good that is hidden in misfortune.
Those who rejoice in suffering are therefore called “lovers of G d,” and are rewarded by being granted the vision of “the sun emerging in its might.” Since in this world they disregarded externals and ignored the veil of misfortune hiding the good within, choosing instead to concern themselves with the deeper aspect of good and G dliness lying behind the veil, G d rewards them in the World to Come “measure for measure,” by casting off the veils that surround Him, and revealing Himself in His full glory to those who love Him.
For the Four-Letter Divine Name, signifying G d in His Essence, is compared to a sun, and the Name Elokim, signifying G d as He is clothed and concealed in the created universe, is compared to a veil shielding the created beings from the intensity of its rays; as it is written, 16 “A sun and a shield (respectively) are Hashem (i.e., the Four-Letter Name) Elokim.” In the World to Come, the “sun” will emerge from its “shield”, i.e., the Four-Letter Name will no longer be veiled by Elokim, and it will shine forth “in its might” as a reward for those who love Him.
This, in summary, is the explanation contained in the following paragraphs.
כי השמחה היא מאהבתו קרבת ה‘ יותר מכל חיי העולם הזה
For one’s joy in affliction stems from the fact that being near to G d is dearer to him than anything of the life of this world,
כדכתיב: כי טוב חסדך מחיים וגו’
as it is written: 17 “For Your lovingkindness is better than life”
וקרבת ה‘ היא ביתר שאת ומעלה לאין ק’ בעלמא דאתכסיא, כי שם חביון עוזו, ויושב בסתר עליון
Now, the nearness to G d is infinitely greater and more sublime in the “hidden world,” for18 “there the concealment of His power is lodged”; and it is also written, 19 “The Most High abides in secrecy.”
Both these verses indicate that the “hidden world” contains a higher aspect of G dliness than the “revealed world.” Since the “hidden world” is the source of seeming affliction, he who loves G d rejoices in it, for it represents a greater nearness to G d than revealed good, which derives from the “revealed world.”
ועל כן זוכה לצאת השמש בגבורתו לעתיד לבא, שהיא יציאת חמה מנרתקה שהיא מכוסה בו בעולם הזה, ולעתיד תתגלה מכסויה
Therefore he is found worthy of seeing “the sun emerging in its might” in the World to Come, when the “sun” will emerge from the “sheath” in which it is hidden in this world, and will then be revealed.
דהיינו שאז יתגלה עלמא דאתכסיא, ויזרח ויאיר בגילוי רב ועצום לכל החוסים בו בעולם הזה, ומסתופפים בצלו, צל החכמה, שהוא בחינת צל ולא אורה וטובה נראית, ודי למבין
This means that what is presently the “hidden world” will then be revealed, and it will shine forth and glow in a great and intense revelation upon all who seek refuge in Him in This World, taking shelter in his “shadow”, the “shadow of wisdom,” which is presently in a state of “shade” as opposed to revealed light and goodness. I.e., they find shelter and refuge even in that which presents an external appearance of “shade” and darkness, whereas the light and goodness contained in it is concealed. This is sufficient explanation for the understanding.
To return to our original point: When one considers that whatever appears as suffering is actually a higher form of good, he will no longer be saddened or worried by it.
Rav Jacobson said that this is a very very difficult piece of Tanya to explain.
Not because it is hard to understand, but because in light of pain, you can take rational thought and philosophy and throw it in the garbage.
As beautiful as an explanation on suffering can be, when a person is in pain, these explanations do not ring true, it is not something that registers in the heart.
Like this story of this Rosh Yeshiva who was also a very wealthy businessman. His business was in lumber, and he made a huge investment and purchased a large amount of lumber and put it on the ship to sell.
And the ship sunk.
Which basically means that in an instant he lost all his money and also now had great debts.
They were afraid to tell him the bad news.
The town chose a Talmid to tell him.
He approaches his Rebbe and asks him this question. The Gemora says that you have to accept the bad with joy, I don’t understand, how is this possible?
So the Rebbe without skipping a heartbeat, starts to explain how Hashem controls everything, and He is good. so everything is good etc. etc.
The Talmid protests “but it feels bad?”
The Rebbe keeps at it “True, it feels bad, it’s a challenge, but this is what a Yid is supposed to do, to see the good in everything, even seemingly bad things”
“But I still don’t understand”
So the Rebbe patiently explains it again.
Then the Talmid says “ I still don’t understand but let me give a practical example. Let’s say someone would tell you right now that all your lumber sunk in that ship you sent,and you became a pauper and a debtor overnight, would you have to accept this with joy just like a real happy occasion?
“Yes” the Rebbe says. “Absolutely”
The Talmid persist “you mean to tell me that you would have to accept that news that you would dance with joy? because it really really really is good, so you would dance with great great joy?”
“Absolutely”
So the Talmid tells him
“REBBE, START DANCING!!”
And the Rebbe grasps what he is being told, that he lost everything, and he FAINTS.
When the Rebbe revives ,the first words out of his mouth was:
“Now I don’t understand the Gemora either”
Rav Jacobson related that he was in Yerusholayim at a conference where a professor gave a beautiful lecture for a hour and a half on why evil exists in the world, why it makes sense, and why a human being can accept this with grace.
An 18 year old girl was there.
She raises her hand.
She says “Professor, have you ever been in a cancer ward for children”
He says “No”
She says “ I have just come from that cancer ward for children. I was there for 2 months. Why don’t you go to that ward and give your lecture there?”
That hour and a half of a magnificent edifice of a beautiful exotic and brilliant lecture was shattered to smitherines.
And justifiably so.
He was never there. He cannot give the lecture.
Because brilliance cannot shed light on suffering.
Only personal experience can.
Pain is a different planet. It is a world onto itself. A world on its own.
You have to be cautious with people in pain, and you have to be very humble when dealing with such a human being.
Just as people who have not experienced the Holocaust who philosophize about why or why not it happened.
Even the biggest talmid chacham,the biggest Rosh Yeshiva in the world is a first class JERK for even making such an attempt..
A man who was in Aushwitz, in Treblinka, in Dachau-he can talk about it, he could believe, he could not believe, because he has paid a dear price for his believing or not believing.
Only a person who went through this hell, like the Klausenberger Rebbe, he could debate with a survivor and try to convince him to believe and to keep mitzvos, because if the the survivor yells at him, how do you expect me to believe, they hung my father, they gassed my mother, they shot my brother, they burned my child, the Rebbe can talk to him because he can tell him they did that to me too. My whole family was wiped out too. All ashes and dust There is a deep link. They are in a sense in the same world of pain. They could talk to each other. He has a right to talk, to convince, to give comfort, to advise, to direct.
So before going on ,
please keep this in mind.
Because this piece of Tanya is explaining the good with suffering.
But not as that philosopher giving that lecture at a conference.
This is a lecture within the Cancer Ward itself.
With humility, with sensitivity, with great empathy.
And it is a normal for anyone in pain not to want to listen to anyone who tells him that the pain is good for him or her.
That is why one has to really be humble when speaking to someone in pain about what they are going through.
It takes a special person to be able to do this.